Characterized by a temporary rise in sea level, high water (acqua alta in Italian) is a natural phenomenon that affects Venice, causing the flooding of some areas of the city, in particular the lower ones, such as Piazza San Marco.

This phenomenon, which has been part of the Venetians’ life for centuries, is currently amplified by climate change and the rise in sea levels, bringing even more relevance to this issue.

What’s the cause of high water in Venice?

High water results from the combination of several natural factors. The main role is played by the tides, in particular the higher ones caused by the alignment between Sun, Moon and Earth.

Weather conditions, such as sirocco winds that push the water towards the lagoon, and low atmospheric pressure, which favors the rise of sea level, can aggravate the phenomenon.

It should also be considered that the lowering of the Venetian soil, known as subsidence, and global climate change contribute to increasing the frequency and intensity of high water episodes.

If in the past they occurred sporadically, today these events are more frequent, also due to the average rise in sea levels.

Curiosities about high water in Venice

• Wooden walkways: when high water is expected, wooden walkways are installed to allow you to cross flooded areas without getting your feet wet.
• The “warning system”: Venice has a system of sirens that warns the population when significant high water is expected. The sound varies depending on the severity of the event.
• Piazza San Marco: As one of the lowest areas in the city, it is among the first ones to be flooded. This also makes it one of the most iconic images of high water.

Practical advice in case of high water

If you are planning to visit Venice during days of high water, which occur more frequently between November and December, here are some suggestions to enjoy the experience without too much inconvenience:

• Enjoy the unique atmosphere: even if it may seem uncomfortable, high water gives a surreal and fascinating atmosphere, transforming the city into a reflection of lights and colors.
• Consult the forecast: before leaving, check the tide report. Download apps like Hi!Tide Venezia to get real-time updates.
• Bring waterproof boots: most of the time, rubber boots are enough to avoid any mishap.
• Plan your route: find out about any deviations from pedestrian routes and consider the use of walkways to avoid the most flooded areas.
• Allow some flexibility in your itinerary: consider visiting the highest areas of the city. To begin with, you could take a walk around our hotel. The Castello district is indeed one of the least affected areas.

The MOSE: an attempted solution

To address this problem, in 2003 the MOSE (Electromechanical Experimental Module) project was launched. It is a system of mobile gates installed at the inlet ports of the Venice lagoon.

When a particularly high tide is expected, the floodgates are raised to isolate the lagoon from the sea, so as to prevent the flooding. The MOSE was successfully activated for the first time in 2020, offering concrete hope for the protection of the city.

High water as a cultural heritage

Despite the difficulties, many of the Venetians see high water not only as a threat, but also as an integral part of their identity. The images of gondolas floating alongside walkways and the reflections of historical buildings on the water have a timeless appeal.

Venice, with its beauty and its challenges, continues to be a unique place in the world. Preparing adequately and living the experience with curiosity and respect allows you to appreciate the magic of this timeless city at its fullest.